Gabungan Aksi Roda Dua Indonesia (GARDA)

Gabungan Aksi Roda Dua Indonesia — GARDA, or United Action of Two-Wheeled Vehicles Indonesia — is Indonesia's principal gig-worker association, representing the country's ojol (ojek online, app-based motorcycle taxi and ride-hailing) driver community against the algorithmic management systems deployed by platforms including Gojek, Grab, Maxim, and inDrive. A national organisation with regional branches from Jakarta and Lampung to Kediri and South Sumatra, GARDA has mobilised hundreds of thousands of drivers in a sustained campaign targeting opaque algorithmic fare-setting and work allocation, commission-extraction structures, and the absence of social-security protections for an estimated four to seven million gig drivers nationwide — making it the corpus's anchor on the gig-worker algorithmic-accountability movement area in Southeast Asia.

Structure and approach

GARDA operates as an asosiasi (association) rather than a formal trade union, using a decentralised WhatsApp and social-media organising model in which regional coordinators serve as moderators rather than hierarchical officials. Academic analysis (Padjadjaran University) classifies it as a hybrid organisation that simultaneously pursues market-oriented goals — protecting driver income against platform extraction — and civil-society functions: collective mobilisation, democratic oversight of the gig economy, and rights advocacy before government and regulatory bodies. Raden Igun Wicaksono, the organisation's General Chairman (Ketua Umum), has been its principal public representative in negotiations with platforms, ministries, and the presidency.

GARDA's organising grievance is rooted in the opacity of algorithmic control. Platform algorithms determine ride assignment, dynamic pricing, driver performance ratings, bonus and discount structures, and account deactivation — processes that shape drivers' working lives while offering limited visibility or avenues for redress. Commission fees that platforms charge against driver earnings reached up to 20% before GARDA's regulatory intervention; the variability and non-transparency of algorithmic fare calculation make that extraction difficult for individual drivers to track or contest independently.

Major campaigns

Three landmark mobilisations have defined GARDA's public profile. On 29 August 2024, GARDA led a national strike action — subsequently known as "Aksi 179" — in which thousands of drivers wearing green jackets converged on the Presidential Palace and Gojek and Grab headquarters to demand social security, health insurance, accident insurance, and worker-status recognition.

In May 2025, GARDA organised "Aksi 205" — coordinated demonstrations across Jakarta, Surabaya, and other cities demanding a 10% cap on platform commission fees. The July 2025 "Aksi 217" brought more than 50,000 drivers to the Presidential Palace — GARDA's largest mobilisation on record — with demands extending to a comprehensive government audit of all four major platforms. On 28 August 2025, driver Affan Kurniawan died at a DPR demonstration in an incident involving a Brimob tactical vehicle; his death became the centrepiece of GARDA's accountability demands, with the organisation pressing for an independent investigation into police conduct. In September 2025, an estimated 5,000 drivers demonstrated at the DPR (People's Representative Council), renewing the call for accountability in the Affan Kurniawan case and for formalised regulation of the gig economy.

Achievement: Perpres 27/2026

GARDA's campaign yielded Perpres (Peraturan Presiden, Presidential Regulation) 27/2026, which caps platform commission fees at 8% — meaning drivers retain 92% of fare revenue — down from a prior maximum approaching 20%. The outcome exceeded GARDA's initial public demand of a 10% cap. The Perpres also secured commitments for accident guarantees and BPJS (national social-security) health-insurance coverage for drivers. GARDA has since launched "Kawal Perpres Ojol" — a digital monitoring programme to track platform compliance with the new regulatory framework.

Position in the movement

GARDA sits at the intersection of two in-scope movement areas: gig-worker labour organising with a clear AI angle (algorithmic management of ride allocation, pricing, rating, and deactivation) and platform accountability advocacy oriented toward public regulation. Its approach — combining mass street mobilisation with direct engagement of the Indonesian presidency and transport ministry — follows a different tactical register from the GDPR-litigation-and-data-trust model that Worker Info Exchange has deployed in the European context, but operates against structurally analogous algorithmic grievances: platform algorithms that set pay, allocate work, and dismiss workers without transparency or effective redress. Indonesia's position as one of Southeast Asia's largest gig economies and the home of Gojek as a domestic platform operator makes GARDA's organising consequential beyond national borders — a presidential regulation capping platform commissions is a precedent regional peers can cite. In the corpus's terms, GARDA closes the Southeast Asia algorithmic-management-labour gap at the national-association level.